Considering an epidural? What you need to know
If you’ve looked into pain management options for labor and delivery, you’ve probably heard about epidurals. After all, epidurals are the most common type of pain relief medication for labor and a majority of people giving birth in the United States use them.
Some people go into labor wanting to avoid an epidural altogether. Others can’t imagine giving birth without one. Wherever you fall, it’s helpful to talk to your provider or anesthesiologist, so you have all the information you need to make the best decision for you.
You also can sign up for a birthing class at HCA Florida Healthcare for more information about pain management.
What is an epidural?
An epidural is a type of medication called analgesia that numbs certain areas of the body so you don’t experience pain. Having an epidural during labor and delivery will numb you from the middle of your stomach to the top part of your legs — offering enough goal pain relief to keep you comfortable and awake.
The medication in an epidural is a local anesthetic usually mixed with an opioid like fentanyl. It can provide great pain relief and doesn’t affect your baby since you won’t have enough of it to pass through your bloodstream to your baby.
Another type of epidural is called a combined spinal epidural (CSE). Also known as a “walking epidural,” a CSE uses two injections. You get a lower dose of pain medication, so you may have more feeling in your legs, though you still may not be able to walk.
When can I get an epidural?
You can get an epidural at almost any time during labor, as long as you can stay still. If you’re close to delivering your baby, we probably won’t give you an epidural. But there’s no minimum dilation requirements if you want an epidural early.
How do I get an epidural?
An anesthesiologist gives you an epidural. Typically, they:
- Numb the lower part of your back with a numbing injection.
- Insert a needle and small tube (catheter) in your lower back.
- Deliver medication through the catheter continuously as needed. It can take about 15 minutes for the epidural to become effective.
Do I feel anything when I have an epidural?
You may feel a pinch from the initial epidural injection and some pressure from the epidural needle. For most people, the epidural numbs your midsection, so you usually have to stay in bed since the numbness can increase your risk of falling.
For vaginal deliveries, it’s important you stay awake during labor and can feel pressure. That way, you can push when you need to. During labor with an epidural, you may still feel contractions, but they shouldn’t hurt.
What are the risks of an epidural?
Epidurals are very common and considered safe. Many find that getting an epidural lowers stress hormone levels, keeping them calmer and more relaxed during labor. Although serious complications (like nerve damage) are incredibly rare, just like with other medications, epidurals can have side effects, such as:
- Allergic reaction
- A decrease in blood pressure
- Headache
- Itchy skin
- Soreness in the back
For some people, an epidural may not work or may only offer pain relief on one side. Depending on how much medicine is delivered through the epidural, you may have a hard time going to the bathroom. You also may have a hard time pushing, which can increase the risk of needing to use a vacuum or forceps for delivery.
What happens if I don’t get an epidural?
Whether or not you get an epidural is your choice. If you don’t get an epidural, there are other pain medication options. There also are ways to manage pain and discomfort without medication. Examples include breathing, practicing meditation and moving to different positions.
Labor and delivery — on your terms
An epidural is helpful for many, but it’s not for everyone. At HCA Florida Healthcare, we offer a variety of labor and delivery services, so your birth experience is everything you want and more.
Ask your provider about pain management options during your prenatal care appointments.
